Abstract This study aimed to analyze the knowledge, perspectives, and preferences of consumers about specialty coffees and to investigate how information can influence the perception of taste and the sensory characteristics of consumers. A descriptive-analytic survey was conducted through a questionnaire in a digital format with 1005 respondents. Four trained Q-Grader tasters evaluated a sample of cherry coffee fermented. The Specialty Coffee Association developed the cupping protocol used. According to the perceived descriptors, a sensory analysis was performed with the same coffee with 101 consumers to evaluate the influence of information received before the analysis. The chocolate flavor is the most expected in coffee. However, the participants are willing to try different specialty coffees. The coffee has been considered excellent (85.15 points) by Q-Grader tasters and widely accepted by consumers. Check-all-that-Apply (CATA) test showed that consumers could be influenced by information. When the coffee has been presented without information, the consumers noticed a more caramel flavor. However, when the information has been added to the same coffee, the citric flavor was more noticeable. In conclusion, information on specialty coffees should be more widespread. Consumer's expectations can be influenced by information, which in turn can modify their sensory perception.

RESUMO O presente trabalho objetivou identificar as principais variáveis afetadas por fatores naturais e, ou, antrópicos, que influenciam a qualidade da água superficial em microbacias hidrográficas, manejadas para produção de madeira de eucalipto. A qualidade da água foi monitorada em quatro microbacias localizadas no município de Aracruz, norte do ES, Brasil. Para tanto, analisaram-se as características físicas e químicas, bem como a potencial presença na água de agrotóxicos utilizados no manejo florestal. As coletas foram realizadas após as atividades silviculturais e/ou ocorrência de chuvas entre os meses de janeiro e junho de 2012. Foram utilizadas técnicas de componentes principais e análise fatorial para determinar as variáveis mais sensíveis e correlacionadas com as atividades silviculturais e com as condições edafoclimáticas das microbacias. De forma geral, 4 componentes explicaram 73,1% da variância total. Os componentes foram correlacionados com as variáveis analisadas e definidos como fatores: mineral, sólido, acidez e pedológico. Estes fatores explicaram 31,6; 18,5; 15,6; e 7,4% da variância total dos dados e estão diretamente relacionados com a salinidade, a presença de sólidos suspensos, a acidez e o teor de carbono inorgânico do solo, respectivamente. Não foi observada presença dos agrotóxicos sulfluramida (inseticida) e glifosato (herbicida) em todas as avaliações realizadas. Em geral, é possível reduzir de 30 para 12 as variáveis que devem ser monitoradas para predição da qualidade da água, mantendo pelo menos 70% da precisão das estimativas.

ABSTRACT This work aimed to identify the main variables affected by natural factors and, or anthropic, which influence the quality of surface water in watersheds, managed for eucalyptus wood production. Water quality was monitored in four watersheds located in Aracruz, northern ES state, Brazil. The physical and chemical characteristics of the water and the potential presence of pesticides used in forest management were evaluated. Samples were collected after the silvicultural activities and, or, rainfall between the months of January to June 2012. Principal component and factor analysis techniques were used to determine the water variables most sensitive and correlated with forestry activities, soil and climatic conditions of the study watersheds. It was possible to obtain four components that explained 73.1% of the total variance. The components were correlated with the variables and defined as factors mineral, solid, acidity, and pedological. These factors explained 31.6; 18.5; 15.6; and 7.4% of the total variance of the data which are directly related to salinity, the presence of suspended solids, acidity and the inorganic carbon content of the soil, respectively. Sulfluramid (insecticide) and glyphosate (herbicide) were not found. In general, it is possible to reduce from 30 to 12 variables that should be monitored for prediction of water quality, maintaining at least 70% of the precision of the estimates. The evaluation of these key variables allows establishing an adequate monitoring system of water quality considering the eucalyptus forestry activities.

RESUMO Este estudo objetivou avaliar o uso de diferentes metodologias na determinação do uso e ocupação da terra utilizando aerofotos digitais, com resolução espacial de 1 m (cenário 01) e imagens de satélite, com resolução espacial de 0,5 m (cenário 02), fotointerpretadas em tela, na escala cartográfica de 1:2.000, da bacia hidrográfica do córrego Horizonte, Alegre-ES. Utilizaram-se os índices de desempenho global e índice Kappa para determinação do erro médio entre os cenários e teste t a 5 % de probabilidade para avaliar o grau de significância no processo de fotointerpretação entre os cenários 01 e 02. Foram identificadas 27 classes de uso da terra para os cenários 01 e 02. As classes de pastagem (599,62 e 442,43 ha) e fragmento florestal (319,45 e 258,07 ha) respectivamente, ocupando maiores áreas nos dois cenários, compondo 69,80 % para o cenário 01 e 53,04 % para o cenário 02 das áreas totais. Verificou-se uma variação positiva do DG em 6,67 % do cenário 01 em relação ao cenário 02. Entretanto o K demonstra que o cenário 02 possui uma menor taxa entre os erros de omissão e comissão em 2,09 %, não apresentado significância pela análise estatística em nível de 5 % pelo teste t.

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the result of different methodologies in determining the use and occupancy of land using digital aerial photographs with spatial resolution of 1 m (scenario 01) and satellite imagery with a spatial resolution of 0.5 m (scenario 02), photo-interpreted screen, on a scale of 1:2.000 mapping, watershed 'Horizonte' stream, in Alegre, ES state. We used the global performance indices and Kappa index for determining the average error between the sets and t test at 5 % probability to assess the degree of significance in the process of image interpretation between scenarios 01 and 02. We identified 27 classes of land use for scenarios 01 and 02. The classes of pasture (599.62 and 442.43 ha) and forest fragmentation (319.45 and 258.07 ha) respectively, occupying the largest areas in the two scenarios, composing 69.80 % for scenario 01 and 53.04 % for scenario 02 of the total area. There was a positive variation of 6.67 % in the DG scenario in scenarios 01 and 02. However, the K shows that the scenario 02 has a lower rate of errors of omission and commission of 2.09 %, but does not present significance by the statistical analysis presented at 5 % level by t test.